Technical parameters

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9. Technical parameters
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9. Technical parameters

Tab. 9.1: Technical parameters

Radio parameters		RipEX2		RipEX2e
Frequency bands		135 – 175; 215 – 240 MHz 285 – 335; 335 – 400 MHz 400 – 470; 450 – 520 MHz 803 – 897; 860 – 960 MHz
Channel spacing		6.25; 12.5; 25; 50; 100; 150; 200; 250; 300 kHz		6.25; 12.5; 25; 50 kHz
Frequency stability		±0.5 ppm see details
Modulation		QAM: 256QAM; 64QAM; 16DEQAM; D8PSK; π/4DQPSK; DPSK FSK: 4CPFSK; 2CPFSK, see details		QAM: 64QAM; 16DEQAM; D8PSK; π/4DQPSK; DPSK FSK: 4CPFSK; 2CPFSK, see details
FEC (Forward Error Correction)		2/3; 3/4; 5/6; Off Trellis code with Viterbi soft-decoder
Gross data rate (data speed) ¹⁾		Channel spacing [kHz]	Gross data rate (modulation rate) [kb/s]	Channel spacing [kHz]	Gross data rate (modulation rate) [kb/s]
		6.25	35	6.25	26
		12.5	83	12.5	63
		25	167	25	125
		50	333	50	250
		100	555
		150	925
		200	1111
		250²⁾	1389
		300²⁾	1736
Transmitter
RF Output power		QAM: 0.1 – 5.0 W (20 – 37 dBm) RMS in 1dB step³⁾ FSK: 0.1 – 10 W (20 – 40 dBm) in 1dB step see details
Duty cycle		Continuous
Rx to Tx Time		< 2 ms @ 6.25 kHz channel < 1.0 ms @ 12.5 kHz channel < 0.7 ms @ 25 kHz channel
Spurious Emissions (Conducted)		< -36 dBm
Radiated Spurious Emissions		< -36 dBm
Adjacent channel power		< -60 dBc
Transient adjacent channel power		< -60 dBc
Receiver
Anti-aliasing Selectivity		56 kHz @ -3 dB BW applicable for 6.25; 12.5; 25 kHz 500 kHz @ -3 dB BW applicable for 50; 100; 150; 200; 250; 300 kHz		56 kHz @ -3 dB BW applicable for 6.25; 12.5; 25 kHz 500 kHz @ -3 dB BW applicable for 50 kHz
Tx to Rx Time		< 2 ms @ 6.25 kHz channel < 1.0 ms @ 12.5 kHz channel < 0.7 ms @ 25 kHz channel
Maximum Receiver Input Power		20 dBm (100 mW)
Rx Spurious Emissions (Conducted)		< -57 dBm
Radiated Spurious Emissions		< -57 dBm
Blocking or desensitization		> -23 dBm @ 1 MHz > -19 dBm @ 2 MHz > -15 dBm @ 5 MHz > -13 dBm @ 10 MHz
Spurious response rejection		> 70 dB

Technical parameters are subject to change without prior notification.
¹⁾	Network throughput varies and depends heavily on the data structure, optimization effectivity, protocol on Radio channel, network topology, signal budgets and many other parameters of the network. Practical tests are recommended.
²⁾	Available only in Bridge mode.
³⁾	Max peak envelope power (PEP) 10 W (40 dBm) .

Electrical	RipEX2		RipEX2e
Primary power	10 to 30 VDC, negative GND
Rx	8.3 W @ 24 V, see details
Tx	12 – 55 W @ 24 V, see details
Sleep mode	0.01 W
Interfaces
Ethernet	10/100/1000Base-T Auto MDI/MDIX	4× RJ45	10/100/1000Base-T Auto MDI/MDIX	2× RJ45
SFP	10/100/1000Base-T or 1000Base-SX or 1000Base-LX user exchangeable SFP with max. power consumption 1.25 W	1× SFP	No SFP
COM	RS232 / RS485 SW configurable	DB9F
	600 b/s – 2 Mb/s
COM2 RipEX2e, RipEX2 var. F and O	RS232	DB9F (COM1, COM2)
	600 b/s – 2 Mb/s
COM2, COM3 Extension module ‘C’: Not available for RipEX2e, RipEX2 var. F and O	2× RS232	RJ45
	COM2: 600 b/s – 2 Mb/s; COM3: 2.4 kb/s – 921.6 kb/s
USB	USB 3.0	Host A
Antenna	50 Ω SW configurable 1× Tx / Rx or 1× Rx + 1× Tx	2× TNC female	50 Ω 1× Tx / Rx	1× TNC female
Inputs/Outputs	1× HW alarm input 1× HW alarm output 1× Sleep input	Power connector
	2× DI, 2× DO, 1× diffDI not available when Extension module ‘C’ (COM ports) is used	RJ45	Not available

Indication LEDs
LED panel		5× tri-color status LEDs (SYS, EXT, RX, TX, COM)
ETH		4× RJ45 (Link and Activity LEDs), 1× SFP (Status LED)
Environmental
IP Code (Ingress Protection)		IP41, IP42, IP52 – see details
MTBF (Mean Time Between Failure)		> 900 000 hours (> 100 years)
Operating temperature		−40 to +70 °C ( −40 to +158 °F) ⁴⁾
Operating humidity		5 to 95 % non-condensing
Storage		−40 to +85 °C ( −40 to +185 °F) / 5 to 95 % non-condensing
Mechanical
Casing		Rugged die-cast aluminium
Dimensions		H×W×D: 60×185×125.5 mm (2.34×7.2×4.94 in)
Weight		1.55 kg (3.4 lbs)
Mounting		DIN rail, L-bracket, Flat-bracket, 19″ Rack chassis see details
SW
Operating modes		Bridge / Router
Radio channel protocols		Transparent @ Bridge Base driven, Flexible @ Router (RipEX2e does not support Base station in Base driven) see details
User protocols on COM		DNP3, DF1, IEC101, Modbus RTU, PR2000, RDS, Siemens 3964(R), COMLI, SAIA S-bus, Mars-A, PPP, UNI, Async Link
User protocols on Ethernet		Modbus TCP, IEC104, DNP3 TCP, Comli TCP, Terminal server…
Serial to IP convertors		DNP3 / DNP3 TCP, Modbus RTU / Modbus TCP
Routing (both, Radio and Ethernet)		Static, Dynamic – Babel, OSPF, BGP, Link management
QoS		8 levels on all interfaces
Protocol on Radio channel
Multi master applications		Yes
Report by exception		Yes
Collision Avoidance Capability		Yes
Remote to Remote communication		Yes
Repeaters		Store-and-forward Every unit Unlimited number
Data integrity control		CRC 32
Optimization		Intelligent payload data and header (Eth / IP / TCP / UDP) compression
Security
Management		HTTPS (Web Interface or Application Programming Interface)
Role-based access control (RBAC)		4 levels (Guest, Tech, SecTech, Admin)
WiFi management access (optional)		WPA2-PSK secured
Encryption		AES256-CCM
VPN		IPsec, OpenVPN, GRE
VLAN		IEEE 802.1Q (tagging), Q-in-Q for Transparent mode
AAA protocol		RADIUS
Firewall		Layer 2 – MAC, Layer 3 – IP, Layer 4 – TCP/UDP
FW		Digitally signed
HW tamper		Case opening evidence

⁴⁾	When full-duplex with full power (40 dBm PEP) and the surrounding temperature above + 60°C the external passive cooler should be used (e.g. RipEX2-RS 19″ Rack chassis).

Diagnostic and Management
Link testing	ICMP ping, RSS ping
Status information	User interfaces
Statistics	Historical and differential statistics for Rx / Tx Packets on all user interfaces (ETH 1-5, COM 1-3, TS 1-5) and Radio interface – for individual connections. Radio protocol statistics (frame error, replied, duplicated, lost etc.) for individual radio links. Advanced statistics for Radio channel (RSS levels, MSE, Pre-frame RSS, Repeats, etc.)
Statistics history	Several weeks
Event log	Events filtered by time, severity, user, remote IP address and type of event
SNMP	SNMPv1, SNMPv2c, SNMPv3 Trap / Inform alarms generation as per settings
NTP	Client / Server
Monitoring	Real time analysis of all interfaces (RADIO, ETH 1-5 , COM 1-3, TS 1-5) and internal interfaces between software modules, see details

Standards
CE	RED, RoHS, WEEE
FCC, IC	FCC Part 90, IC RSS-119
Spectrum	ETSI EN 302 561 V2.1.1 ETSI EN 300 113 V2.2.1
EMC (electromagnetic compatibility)	ETSI EN 301 489-1 V2.2.3 ETSI EN 301 489-5 V3.2.1 EN 61850-3:2014
Product safety	EN 62368-1:2014 + A11:2017
RF health safety	EN 62311:2008
Electric power substations environment	IEEE 1613:2009 IEEE 1613.1:2013 EN 61850-3:2014
Hazardous locations	EN 60079-0:2012 EN 60079-11:2012
Environmental	EN 61850-3: 2014
Vibration & shock	EN 60068-2-6:2008 ETS 300 019-2-3:1994, Class 3.4 EN 61850-3:2014
Seismic qualification	EN 60068-2-27:2010
IP rating	EN 60529:1993 + A1:2001 + A2:2014

Optional interfaces (not applicable for RipEX2e)
Extension module ‘G’ GNSS (GPS)	Active antenna 3.3 VDC SMA female (EXT on front panel)
	72-channel u-blox M8 engine GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, BeiDou B1I, Galileo E1B/C, SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN
Extension module ‘C’ COM ports	COM2: RS232 – 5 pin (RxD, TxD, GND, RTS, CTS) 600 b/s to 2 Mb/s COM3: RS232 – 3 pin (RxD, TxD, GND) 2.4 kb/s to 921.6 kb/s RJ45 (DI/DO on front panel)
Extension module ‘W’, ‘M’, ‘O’ Cellular	see details
	IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac 2×2 MIMO 20 MHz / 40 MHz for 2.4 GHz 20 MHz / 40 MHz / 80 MHz for 5 GHz WPA/WPA2 PSK WPA3-SAE AES/TKIP hardware encryption Output power up to 16 dBm EmWicon WMX6218 – FCC ID 2A3G3-WMX6218

Tab. 9.2: Maximal power for individual modulations

RipEX2
Modulation	PEP [dBm]	RMS [dBm]	RMS [W]
2CPFSK	20 – 40	20 – 40	0.1 – 10
4CPFSK	20 – 40	20 – 40	0.1 – 10
DPSK	20 – 40	20 – 37	0.1 – 5
π/4-DQPSK	20 – 40	20 – 37	0.1 – 5
D8PSK	20 – 40	20 – 36	0.1 – 4
16DEQAM	20 – 40	20 – 35	0.1 – 3.2
64QAM	20 – 40	20 – 34	0.1 – 2.5
256QAM	20 – 40	20 – 33	0.1 – 2
SW configurable [PEP, dBm] FSK, QAM: 1 dB step
PEP vs. RMS application note

Tab. 9.3: List of connected cables

Input / Output	Specified length	Shielded / Nonshielded	Recommended cable type
DC power supply 10 – 30 V	As needed	N	V03VH-H 2×0,5
GPIO (Sleep Input, HW Alarm Input, HW Alarm Output)	As needed	S	LiYCY 6×0,14
Antenna connection Rx, Rx/Tx	As needed	S	Coaxial
COM (RS232/485)	As needed, typically up to 15 m (RS232) or up to 400 m (RS485)	S	LiYCY 4×0,14
EXT (used for GNSS)	As needed	S	Coaxial
ETH (4 ports)	As needed, typically up to 100 m	S	STP CAT 5e
Optical Ethernet	As needed, typically up to 2 km	N/A	Optical fibre
USB	Max. 3 m	S	USB3
DI / DO	As needed	S	STP CAT 5e
Check the maximum voltage, current and minimal cross sections in Table 10.4, “Maximum voltage and current of individual interfaces” for hazardous location conditions.

Tab. 9.4: Power consumption for 24 Vdc

Tx Power consumption	RipEX2-1			RipEX2-3, RipEX2-4
@24Vdc	Min.	Typ.	Max.	Min.	Typ.	Max.
FSK 20 dBm RMS	12	14	15	12	14	15
FSK 40 dBm RMS	27	33	40	31	40	55
QAM 24 dBm PEP	12	13	14	12	13	14
QAM 40 dBm PEP	24	26	30	24	29	40

Rx Power consumption	RipEX2
@24Vdc
RipEX2	8.3 W
+Ethernet	+0.1 W @ 10BaseT
	+0.12 W @ 100BaseT
	+0.5 W @ 1000BaseT
	per Eth interface with connected equipment
+1st COM	+0.2 W
+GNSS	+0.15 W
+2nd COM	+0.1 W
+LTE	Rx +0.3, Tx +3.0 W
+SFP module typ.	+1.0 W
+Wi-Fi	+3.0 W Max

Tab. 9.5: Cellular interface (optional)

Cellular interface (optional)
Frequency bands for extension module ‘W’ Cellular	4G LTE (also 5G NSA) Band 1 (2100 MHz), Band 2 (1900 MHz), Band 3 (1800 MHz), Band 4 (2100 MHz), Band 5 (850 MHz), Band 7 (2600 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 12 (700 MHz), Band 13 (700 MHz), Band 18 (850 MHz), Band 19 (850 MHz), Band 20 (800 MHz), Band 26 (850 MHz), Band 28 (700 MHz), Band 38 (2600 MHz), Band 40 (2300 MHz), Band 41 (2500 MHz), Band 66 (2100 MHz) a sensitivity issue will occur in GNSS when transmitting in band 13 ** for Band 41 (LTE-TDD), the frequency range are partially supported (2535 MHz…2675 MHz)
	3G UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA Band 1 (2100 MHz), Band 2 (1900 MHz), Band 3 (1800 MHz), Band 4 (2100 MHz), Band 5 (850 MHz), Band 6 (850 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 19 (850 MHz)
	2G GSM/GPRS/EDGE GSM 850 MHz, E-GSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800 MHz,PCS 1900 MHz
	Cinterion PLS83-W	FCC ID QIPPLS83-W TAC 35107264
Specification for extension cellular module ‘W’	ANT1, ANT2 – space diversity (on rear panel)	2× SMA Antenna
	4G LTE (also 5G NSA) 3GPP Release 10 Long Term Evolution (LTE) Evolved Uni. Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) DL Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) 2×2
	3G UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA 3GPP Release 7 Dual-Cell HS Packet Access (DC-HSPA+) UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) DL Rx diversity
	2G GSM/GPRS/EDGE 3GPP Release 4 Enhanced Data rate GSM Evolution (EDGE) GSM EGPRS Radio Access (GERA) Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) DL Advanced Rx Performance Phase 1
	Data rates up to 150 Mb/s downlink / 50 Mb/s uplink
	SIM slots	2x Micro SIM (3FF) Both 1.8 and 3 V SIM types supported
Frequency bands for extension module ‘M’ Cellular	LTE Cat M1: Band 1 (2100 MHz), Band 3 (1800 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 20 (800 MHz), Band 28 (700 MHz), Band 31 (450 MHz), Band 72 (450 MHz)
	LTE Cat NB1/2: Band 1 (2100 MHz), Band 3 (1800 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 20 (800 MHz), Band 28 (700 MHz), Band 31 (450 MHz), Band 72 (450 MHz)
	Cinterion TX62-W-C
Frequency bands for extension module ‘O’ Cellular	LTE Cat M1: Band 1 (2100 MHz), Band 2 (1900 MHz), Band 3 (1800 MHz), Band 4 (AWS-1), Band 5 (850 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 12 (700 MHz), Band 13 (700 MHz), Band 18 (800 MHz), Band 19 (800 MHz), Band 20 (800 MHz), Band 25 (1900 MHz), Band 26 (800 MHz), Band 27 (800 MHz), Band 28 (700 MHz), Band 66 (AWS-3), Band 85 (700 MHz)
	LTE Cat NB1/2: Band 1 (2100 MHz), Band 2 (1900 MHz), Band 3 (1800 MHz), Band 4 (AWS-1), Band 5 (850 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 12 (700 MHz), Band 13 (700 MHz), Band 18 (800 MHz), Band 19 (800 MHz), Band 20 (800 MHz), Band 25 (1900 MHz), Band 26 (800 MHz), Band 28 (700 MHz), Band 66 (AWS-3), Band 71 (600 MHz), Band 85 (700 MHz)
	Cinterion TX62-W-B	FCC QIPTX62-W-B
Frequency bands for extension module ‘R’ Cellular	LTE Cat M1: Band 1 (2100 MHz), Band 3 (1800 MHz), Band 5 (850 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 20 (800 MHz), Band 28 (700 MHz), Band 31 (450 MHz), Band 72 (450 MHz), Band 87 (410 MHz), Band 88 (410 MHz)
	Telit ME310G1-W2	LatAm
Specification for extension cellular module ‘M’ and ‘O’	ANT1	1× SMA Antenna
	LTE Cat M1 – DL: max. 300 kb/s, UL: max. 1.1 Mb/s LTE Cat NB 1 – DL: max. 27 kb/s, UL: max. 63 kb/s LTE Cat NB 2 – DL: max. 124 kb/s, UL: max. 158 kb/s
	3GPP Release 14
	Half Duplex – Frequency Division Duplex (HD-FDD)
	SIM slots	2x Micro SIM (3FF) Both 1.8 and 3 V SIM types supported
Specification for extension cellular module ‘R’	ANT1	1× SMA Antenna
	LTE Cat M1 – DL: 588 kb/s, UL: max. 1 Mb/s LTE Cat NB 1 – DL: max. 27 kb/s, UL: max. 63 kb/s LTE Cat NB 2 – DL: max. 120 kb/s, UL: max. 160 kb/s
	3GPP Release 14
	Half Duplex – Frequency Division Duplex (HD-FDD)
	SIM slots	2x Micro SIM (3FF) Only 1.8 V SIM type supported
Frequency bands for extension module ‘E’ Cellular**	4G LTE Band 20 (800 MHz), Band 5 (850 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 3 (1800 MHz), Band 1 (2100 MHz), Band 7 (2600 MHz)
	3G UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA Band 5 (850 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 2 (1900 MHz), Band 1 (2100 MHz)
	2G GSM/GPRS/EDGE GSM 850 MHz, E-GSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800 MHz, PCS 1900 MHz
	Ublox TOBY L-210	FCC ID XPYTOBYL210 TAC 35225506
Frequency bands for extension module ‘P’ Cellular**	4G LTE Band 28 (750 MHz), Band 5 (850 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 3 (1800 MHz), Band 1 (2100 MHz), Band 7 (2600 MHz)
	3G UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA Band 5 (850 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 2 (1900 MHz), Band 1 (2100 MHz)
	2G GSM/GPRS/EDGE GSM 850 MHz, E-GSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800 MHz, PCS 1900 MHz
	Ublox TOBY L-280	FCC ID XPYTOBYL280 TAC 35850306
Frequency bands for extension module ‘A’ Cellular**	4G LTE Band 17 (700 MHz), Band 5 (850 MHz), Band 4 (1700 MHz), Band 2 (1900 MHz), Band 7 (2600 MHz)
	3G UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA Band 5 (850 MHz), Band 8 (900 MHz), Band 4 (AWS, i.e. 1700 MHz), Band 2 (1900 MHz), Band 1 (2100 MHz)
	2G GSM/GPRS/EDGE GSM 850 MHz, E-GSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800 MHz, PCS 1900 MHz
	Ublox TOBY L-200	FCC ID XPYTOBYL200 TAC 35225406

** E, P, A cellular modules were under production until XI/2021

Tab. 9.6: Sensitivity

Modulation	2CPFSK	4CPFSK	DPSK	π/4DQPSK	D8PSK	16DEQAM	64QAM	256QAM
Channel spacing	Sensitivity [dbm] @ BER 10^-6, FEC 3/4 (2/3 QAM64 and QAM256)
6.25	-119	-116	-116	-115	-111	-106	-104	-100
12.5	-117	-114	-114	-113	-108	-103	-101	-97
25	-115	-112	-112	-111	-106	-101	-99	-95
50	x	x	-109	-108	-103	-98	-96	-92
100	x	x	-106	-105	-100	-95	-93	-89
150	x	x	-104	-103	-98	-93	-91	-87
200	x	x	-103	-102	-97	-92	-90	-86
250	x	x	-102	-101	-96	-93	-89	-85
300	x	x	-100	-99	-94	-91	-87	-83
	Sensitivity [dbm] @ BER 10^-2 (ETSI 80% PSR eqv.), FEC 3/4 (2/3 QAM64 and QAM256)
6.25	-123	-121	-122	-121	-119	-116	-116	-109
12.5	-120	-119	-119	-118	-116	-112	-112	-106
25	-118	-117	-117	-116	-113	-110	-110	-104
50	x	x	-114	-113	-110	-107	-107	-101
100	x	x	-112	-111	-108	-104	-104	-99
150	x	x	-110	-109	-106	-102	-102	-97
200	x	x	-109	-108	-105	-101	-101	-96
250	x	x	-107	-106	-103	-100	-100	-94
300	x	x	-106	-105	-101	-98	-98	-93

	Note
	Consider the proper fade margin for the radio link design. The larger the fade margin the higher link availability. The fade margin of 20 dB is considered acceptable for most installations with availability 99% or less. The fade margin of 25 dB or higher shall be used for highly reliable systems (99.9% availability).

9.1. Detailed radio channel parameters

Tab. 9.7: Channel spacing 5 kHz

Channel spacing [kHz]	5
Occupied BW limit [kHz]	4	4
Modulation type	FSK	QAM
RipEX 1 “Mode”	–	–
Baudrate [kBaud]	2.17	3.26
RipEX2 Compliance	FCC, ISED (pending)	FCC, ISED (pending)

5 kHz
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Modulation	Emission code	OBW [kHz]	OBW limit [kHz]
Baudrate 2.17 kBaud
2.17	2CPFSK	3K00F1DBN	3.00	4
4.34	4CPFSK	3K00F1DBN	3.00	4
Baudrate 3.26 kBaud
3.26	DPSK	3K60G1DBN	3.60	4
6.52	π/4-DQPSK	3K60G1DBN	3.60	4
9.78	D8PSK	3K60G1DEN	3.60	4
13.04	16DEQAM	3K60G1DEN	3.60	4
19.56	64QAM	3K60G1DEN	3.60	4
26.08	256QAM	3K60G1DEN	3.60	4

Tab. 9.8: Channel spacing 6.25 kHz

Channel spacing [kHz]	6.25
Occupied BW limit [kHz]	5	5
Modulation type	FSK	QAM
RipEX 1 “Mode”	FCC, CE	FCC
Baudrate [kBaud]	2.60	4.34
RipEX2 Compliance	FCC, ISED	FCC, ISED

6.25 kHz
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Modulation	Emission code	OBW [kHz]	OBW limit [kHz]
Baudrate 2.60 kBaud
2.60	2CPFSK	3K60F1DBN	3.60	5
5.21	4CPFSK	3K60F1DBN	3.60	5
Baudrate 4.34 kBaud
4.34	DPSK	5K00G1DBN	5.00	5
8.68	π/4-DQPSK	5K00G1DDN	5.00	5
13.02	D8PSK	5K00G1DEN	5.00	5
17.36	16DEQAM	5K00G1DEN	5.00	5
26.04	64QAM	5K00G1DEN	5.00	5
34.72	256QAM	5K00G1DEN	5.00	5

5 kHz
Classification				Sensitivity [dBm]
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Bitrate [kb/s]	FEC	Modulation	BER 10^-2	BER 10^-3	BER 10^-6
RX sensitivity, Baudrate 2.17 kBaud
2.17	1.95	3/4	2CPFSK	-123.0	-121.5	-119.5
2.17	2.60	Off	2CPFSK	-122.5	-120.5	-117.5
4.34	3.91	3/4	4CPFSK	-121.5	-119.5	-116.5
4.34	5.21	Off	4CPFSK	-120.5	-118.0	-114.5
RX sensitivity, Baudrate 3.26 kBaud
3.26	2.46	3/4	DPSK	-122.5	-121.0	-116.5
3.26	3.26	Off	DPSK	-122.0	-120.0	-114.5
6.52	4.69	3/4	π/4-DQPSK	-121.5	-120.0	-115.5
6.52	6.52	Off	π/4-DQPSK	-120.5	-118.5	-112.5
9.78	7.34	3/4	D8PSK	-119.5	-116.5	-111.0
9.78	9.78	Off	D8PSK	-116.0	-112.5	-106.0
13.04	9.78	3/4	16DEQAM	-116.0	-112.5	-106.5
13.04	13.04	Off	16DEQAM	-113.0	-110.0	-103.0
19.56	13.04	2/3	64QAM	-116.0	-112.0	-104.0
19.56	14.67	3/4	64QAM	-113.0	-109.5	-102.5
19.56	16.30	5/6	64QAM	-112.0	-107.0	-100.0
19.56	19.56	Off	64QAM	-109.0	-104.5	-97.0
26.08	17.38	2/3	256QAM	-109.5	-106.5	-100.5
26.08	19.56	3/4	256QAM	-108.5	-105.0	-98.5
26.08	21.73	5/6	256QAM	-106.5	-103.5	-96.5
26.08	26.08	Off	256QAM	-104.5	-100.5	-95.0

6.25 kHz
Classification				Sensitivity [dBm]
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Bitrate [kb/s]	FEC	Modulation	BER 10^-2	BER 10^-3	BER 10^-6
RX sensitivity, Baudrate 2.60 kBaud
2.60	1.95	3/4	2CPFSK	-122.5	-121.0	-119.0
2.60	2.60	Off	2CPFSK	-122.0	-120.0	-117.0
5.21	3.91	3/4	4CPFSK	-121.0	-119.0	-116.0
5.21	5.21	Off	4CPFSK	-120.0	-117.5	-114.0
RX sensitivity, Baudrate 4.34 kBaud
4.34	3.26	3/4	DPSK	-122.0	-120.5	-116.0
4.34	4.34	Off	DPSK	-121.5	-119.5	-114.0
8.68	6.51	3/4	π/4-DQPSK	-121.0	-119.5	-115.0
8.68	8.68	Off	π/4-DQPSK	-120.0	-118.0	-112.0
13.02	9.77	3/4	D8PSK	-118.5	-116.0	-110.5
13.02	13.02	Off	D8PSK	-115.5	-112.0	-105.5
17.36	13.02	3/4	16DEQAM	-115.5	-112.0	-106.0
17.36	17.36	Off	16DEQAM	-112.5	-109.5	-102.5
26.04	17.36	2/3	64QAM	-115.5	-111.5	-103.5
26.04	19.53	3/4	64QAM	-112.5	-109.0	-102.0
26.04	21.70	5/6	64QAM	-111.5	-106.5	-99.5
26.04	26.04	Off	64QAM	-108.5	-104.0	-96.5
34.72	23.15	2/3	256QAM	-109.0	-106.0	-100.0
34.72	26.04	3/4	256QAM	-108.0	-104.5	-98.0
34.72	28.94	5/6	256QAM	-106.0	-103.0	-96.0
34.72	34.72	Off	256QAM	-104.0	-100.0	-94.5

Tab. 9.9: Channel spacing 12.5 kHz

Channel spacing [kHz]	12.5
Occupied BW limit [kHz]	11	11	12.5
Modulation type	FSK	QAM
RipEX 1 “Mode”	FCC, CE	FCC	CE
Baudrate [kBaud]	5.21	8.68	10.42
RipEX2 Compliance	RED	RED	RED
RipEX2 Compliance	FCC, ISED	FCC, ISED	RED

12.5 kHz
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Modulation	Emission code	OBW [kHz]	OBW limit [kHz]
Baudrate 5.21 kBaud
5.21	2CPFSK	7K50F1DBN	7.0	11.0
10.42	4CPFSK	7K50F1DDN	7.0	11.0
Baudrate 8.68 kBaud
8.68	DPSK	10K0G1DBN	10.0	11.0
17.36	π/4-DQPSK	10K0G1DDN	10.0	11.0
26.04	D8PSK	10K0G1DEN	10.0	11.0
34.72	16DEQAM	10K0G1DEN	10.0	11.0
52.08	64QAM	10K0G1DEN	10.0	11.0
69.44	256QAM	10K0G1DEN	10.0	11.0
Baudrate 10.42 kBaud
10.42	DPSK	11K9G1DBN	11.9	12.5
20.83	π/4-DQPSK	11K9G1DDN	11.9	12.5
31.25	D8PSK	11K9G1DEN	11.9	12.5
41.67	16DEQAM	11K9G1DEN	11.9	12.5
62.50	64QAM	11K9G1DEN	11.9	12.5
83.33	256QAM	11K9G1DEN	11.9	12.5

12.5 kHz
Classification				Sensitivity [dBm]			Co-Channel Rejection Ratio
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Bitrate [kb/s]	FEC	Modulation	BER 10^-2	BER 10^-3	BER 10^-6	[dB]
RX sensitivity, Baudrate 5.21 kBaud
5.21	3.91	3/4	2CPFSK	-120	-119	-117	-7
5.21	5.21	Off	2CPFSK	-120	-118	-115	-10
10.42	7.81	3/4	4CPFSK	-119	-117	-114	-11
10.42	10.42	Off	4CPFSK	-118	-115	-112	-6
RX sensitivity, Baudrate 10.42 kBaud
10.42	7.81	3/4	DPSK	-119	-118	-114	-6.5
10.42	10.42	Off	DPSK	-119	-117	-112	-5
20.83	15.62	3/4	π/4-DQPSK	-118	-117	-113	-9
20.83	20.83	Off	π/4-DQPSK	-117	-115	-110	-10
31.25	23.44	3/4	D8PSK	-116	-113	-108	-12
31.25	31.25	Off	D8PSK	-113	-109	-103	-14
41.67	31.25	3/4	16DEQAM	-112	-109	-103	-16
41.67	41.67	Off	16DEQAM	-109	-106	-99	-18.5
62.50	41.67	2/3	64QAM	-112	-108	-101	-16
62.50	46.88	3/4	64QAM	-110	-106	-99	-19
62.50	52.08	5/6	64QAM	-109	-104	-97	-20
62.50	62.50	Off	64QAM	-105	-101	-94	-22.5
83.33	55.56	2/3	256QAM	-106	-103	-97	-21
83.33	62.50	3/4	256QAM	-105	-102	-95	-22
83.33	69.44	5/6	256QAM	-103	-100	-93	-24
83.33	83.33	Off	256QAM	-100	-97	-90	-28.5

Tab. 9.10: Channel spacing 25 kHz

Channel spacing[kHz]	25
Occupied BW limit[kHz]	14	16	16	20	25
Modulation type	FSK		QAM
RipEX 1 “Mode”		CE	Narrow	FCC	CE
Baudrate [kBaud]	8.68	10.42	13.89	17.36	20.83
RipEX2 Compliance	RED	RED	RED	RED	RED
RipEX2 Compliance	FCC, ISED	FCC, ISED	FCC, ISED	FCC, ISED	RED

25 kHz
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Modulation	Emission code	OBW [kHz]	OBW limit [kHz]
Baudrate 8.68 kBaud
8.68	2CPFSK	13K5F1DBN	13.5	14
17.36	4CPFSK	12K2F1DDN	12.2	14
Baudrate 10.42 kBaud
10.42	2CPFSK	15K5F1DBN	15.5	16
20.83	4CPFSK	15K5F1DDN	15.5	16
Baudrate 13.89 kBaud
13.89	DPSK	15K9G1DBN	15.9	16
27.78	π/4-DQPSK	15K9G1DDN	15.9	16
41.67	D8PSK	15K9G1DEN	15.9	16
55.56	16DEQAM	15K9G1DEN	15.9	16
83.33	64QAM	15K9G1DEN	15.9	16
111.11	256QAM	15K9G1DEN	15.9	16
Baudrate 17.36 kBaud
17.36	DPSK	19K8G1DBN	19.8	20
34.72	π/4-DQPSK	19K8G1DDN	19.8	20
52.08	D8PSK	19K8G1DEN	19.8	20
69.44	16DEQAM	19K8G1DEN	19.8	20
104.17	64QAM	19K8G1DEN	19.8	20
138.89	256QAM	19K8G1DEN	19.8	20
Baudrate 20.83 kBaud
20.83	DPSK	24K0G1DBN	24.0	25
41.67	π/4-DQPSK	24K0G1DDN	24.0	25
62.50	D8PSK	24K0G1DEN	24.0	25
83.33	16DEQAM	24K0G1DEN	24.0	25
125.00	64QAM	24K0G1DEN	24.0	25
166.67	256QAM	24K0G1DEN	24.0	25

25 kHz
Classification				Sensitivity [dBm]			Co-Channel Rejection Ratio
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Bitrate [kb/s]	FEC	Modulation	BER 10^-2	BER 10^-3	BER 10^-6	[dB]
Rx sensitivity Baudrate 10.42
10.42	7.81	3/4	2CPFSK	-118	-117	-115	-6
10.42	10.42	Off	2CPFSK	-118	-116	-113	-7
20.83	15.63	3/4	4CPFSK	-117	-115	-112	-10
20.83	20.83	Off	4CPFSK	-115	-113	-109	-6
Rx sensitivity Baudrate 20.83
20.83	15.62	3/4	DPSK	-117	-116	-112	-6
20.83	20.83	Off	DPSK	-117	-115	-110	-6
41.66	31.25	3/4	π/4-DQPSK	-116	-115	-111	-9
41.66	41.66	Off	π/4-DQPSK	-115	-113	-108	-10
62.49	46.87	3/4	D8PSK	-113	-111	-106	-12
62.49	62.49	Off	D8PSK	-110	-107	-101	-14.5
83.33	62.49	3/4	16DEQAM	-110	-107	-101	-16
83.33	83.33	Off	16DEQAM	-108	-105	-98	-18.5
125.00	83.33	2/3	64QAM	-110	-106	-99	-16
125.00	93.75	3/4	64QAM	-108	-104	-97	-19
125.00	104.17	5/6	64QAM	-107	-102	-95	-20
125.00	125.00	Off	64QAM	-104	-99	-92	-22.5
166.67	111.11	2/3	256QAM	-104	-101	-95	-21
166.67	125.00	3/4	256QAM	-103	-100	-93	-22
166.67	138.89	5/6	256QAM	-101	-98	-91	-24
166.67	166.67	Off	256QAM	-98	-95	-88	-28.5

Tab. 9.11: Channel spacing 50 kHz

Channel spacing [kHz]	50
Occupied BW limit [kHz]	40	50
Modulation type	QAM
RipEX 1 “Mode”	CE	Unlimited
Baudrate [kBaud]	34.72	41.67
RipEX2 Compliance	RED	RED

50 kHz
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Modulation	Emission code	OBW [kHz]	OBW limit [kHz]
Baudrate 34.72 kBaud
34.72	DPSK	40K0G1DBN	40.0	40
69.44	π/4-DQPSK	40K0G1DDN	40.0	40
104.17	D8PSK	40K0G1DEN	40.0	40
138.89	16DEQAM	40K0G1DEN	40.0	40
208.33	64QAM	40K0G1DEN	40.0	40
277.78	256QAM	40K0G1DEN	40.0	40
Baudrate 41.67 kBaud
41.67	DPSK	45K0G1DBN	45.0	50
83.33	π/4-DQPSK	45K0G1DDN	45.0	50
125.00	D8PSK	45K0G1DEN	45.0	50
166.67	16DEQAM	45K0G1DEN	45.0	50
250.00	64QAM	45K0G1DEN	45.0	50
333.33	256QAM	45K0G1DEN	45.0	50

50 kHz
Classification				Sensitivity [dBm]			Co-Channel Rejection Ratio
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Bitrate [kb/s]	FEC	Modulation	BER 10^-2	BER 10^-3	BER 10^-6	[dB]
Baudrate 41.67 kBaud
41.67	31.25	3/4	DPSK	-114	-113	-109	-7
41.67	41.67	Off	DPSK	-114	-112	-107	-7
83.33	62.50	3/4	π/4-DQPSK	-113	-112	-108	-10
83.33	83.33	Off	π/4-DQPSK	-112	-110	-105	-11
125.00	93.75	3/4	D8PSK	-110	-108	-103	-13
125.00	125.00	Off	D8PSK	-107	-104	-98	-15
166.67	125.00	3/4	16DEQAM	-107	-104	-98	-17
166.67	166.67	Off	16DEQAM	-105	-102	-95	-19
250.00	166.67	2/3	64QAM	-107	-103	-96	-17
250.00	187.50	3/4	64QAM	-105	-101	-94	-20
250.00	208.33	5/6	64QAM	-104	-99	-92	-21
250.00	250.00	Off	64QAM	-101	-96	-89	-23
333.33	222.22	2/3	256QAM	-101	-98	-92	-22
333.33	250.00	3/4	256QAM	-100	-97	-90	-23
333.33	277.78	5/6	256QAM	-98	-95	-88	-25
333.33	333.33	Off	256QAM	-95	-92	-85	-31

Tab. 9.12: Channel spacing 100 kHz

Channel spacing [kHz]	100
Occupied BW limit [kHz]	80	100
Modulation type	QAM
Baudrate [kBaud]	69.44	83.3
RipEX2 Compliance	RED

100 kHz
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Modulation	Emission code	OBW [kHz]	OBW limit [kHz]
Baudrate 69.44 kBaud
69.44	DPSK	80K0G1DBN	80.0	80
138.89	π/4-DQPSK	80K0G1DDN	80.0	80
208.33	D8PSK	80K0G1DEN	80.0	80
277.78	16DEQAM	80K0G1DEN	80.0	80
416.66	64QAM	80K0G1DEN	80.0	80
555.55	256QAM	80K0G1DEN	80.0	80

100 kHz
Classification				Sensitivity [dBm]			Co-Channel Rejection Ratio
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Bitrate [kb/s]	FEC	Modulation	BER 10^-2	BER 10^-3	BER 10^-6	[dB]
Baudrate 69.44 kBaud
69.44	52.08	3/4	DPSK	-112	-110	-106	-7
69.44	69.44	Off	DPSK	-111	-109	-104	-7
138.89	104.17	3/4	π/4-DQPSK	-111	-109	-105	-10
138.89	138.89	Off	π/4-DQPSK	-110	-108	-102	-11
208.33	156.25	3/4	D8PSK	-108	-105	-100	-13
208.33	208.33	Off	D8PSK	-105	-101	-95	-15
277.78	208.33	3/4	16DEQAM	-104	-101	-95	-17
277.78	277.78	Off	16DEQAM	-102	-99	-92	-19
416.66	277.78	2/3	64QAM	-104	-100	-93	-17
416.66	312.50	3/4	64QAM	-102	-98	-91	-20
416.66	347.22	5/6	64QAM	-101	-96	-89	-21
416.66	416.66	Off	64QAM	-98	-93	-86	-23
555.55	370.37	2/3	256QAM	-99	-95	-89	-22
555.55	416.66	3/4	256QAM	-98	-94	-86	-23
555.55	462.96	5/6	256QAM	-96	-92	-85	-25
555.55	555.55	Off	256QAM	-93	-89	-83	-31

Tab. 9.13: Channel spacing 150 kHz

Channel spacing [kHz]	150
Occupied BW limit [kHz]	125	150
Modulation type	QAM
Baudrate [kBaud]	115.74	124.01
RipEX2 Compliance	RED

150 kHz
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Modulation	Emission code	OBW [kHz]	OBW limit [kHz]
Baudrate 115.74 kBaud
115.74	DPSK	125KG1DBN	125.0	125
231.48	π/4-DQPSK	125KG1DDN	125.0	125
347.22	D8PSK	125KG1DEN	125.0	125
462.96	16DEQAM	125KG1DEN	125.0	125
694.45	64QAM	125KG1DEN	125.0	125
925.93	256QAM	125KG1DEN	125.0	125

150 kHz
Classification				Sensitivity [dBm]			Co-Channel Rejection Ratio
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Bitrate [kb/s]	FEC	Modulation	BER 10^-2	BER 10^-3	BER 10^-6	[dB]
Baudrate 115.74 kBaud
115.74	86.71	3/4	DPSK	-110	-108	-104	-7
115.74	115.74	Off	DPSK	-109	-107	-102	-7
231.48	173.61	3/4	π/4-DQPSK	-109	-107	-103	-10
231.48	231.48	Off	π/4-DQPSK	-108	-106	-100	-11
347.22	260.42	3/4	D8PSK	-106	-103	-98	-13
347.22	347.22	Off	D8PSK	-103	-99	-93	-15
462.96	347.22	3/4	16DEQAM	-102	-99	-93	-17
462.96	462.96	Off	16DEQAM	-100	-97	-90	-19
694.45	462.96	2/3	64QAM	-102	-98	-91	-17
694.45	520.83	3/4	64QAM	-100	-96	-89	-20
694.45	587.71	5/6	64QAM	-99	-94	-87	-21
694.45	694.45	Off	64QAM	-96	-91	-84	-23
925.93	617.29	2/3	256QAM	-97	-93	-87	-22
925.93	694.45	3/4	256QAM	-96	-92	-84	-23
925.93	771.61	5/6	256QAM	-94	-90	-83	-25
925.93	925.93	Off	256QAM	-91	-87	-81	-31

Tab. 9.14: Channel spacing 200 kHz

Channel spacing [kHz]	200
Occupied BW limit [kHz]	175
Modulation type	QAM
Baudrate [kBaud]	138.89
RipEX2 Compliance	RED

200 kHz
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Modulation	Emission code	OBW [kHz]	OBW limit [kHz]
Baudrate 138.89 kBaud
138.89	DPSK	150KG1DBN	150.0	175
277.78	π/4-DQPSK	150KG1DDN	150.0	175
416.67	D8PSK	150KG1DEN	150.0	175
555.56	16DEQAM	150KG1DEN	150.0	175
833.33	64QAM	150KG1DEN	150.0	175
1111.11	256QAM	150KG1DEN	150.0	175

200 kHz
Classification				Sensitivity [dBm]			Co-Channel Rejection Ratio
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Bitrate [kb/s]	FEC	Modulation	BER 10^-2	BER 10^-3	BER 10^-6	[dB]
Baudrate 138.89 kBaud
138.89	104.17	3/4	DPSK	-109	-107	-103	-7
138.89	138.89	Off	DPSK	-108	-106	-101	-7
277.78	208.33	3/4	π/4-DQPSK	-108	-106	-102	-10
277.78	277.78	Off	π/4-DQPSK	-107	-105	-99	-11
416.67	312.50	3/4	D8PSK	-105	-102	-97	-13
416.67	416.67	Off	D8PSK	-102	-98	-92	-15
555.55	416.67	3/4	16DEQAM	-101	-98	-92	-17
555.55	555.55	Off	16DEQAM	-99	-96	-89	-19
833.33	555.55	2/3	64QAM	-101	-97	-90	-17
833.33	625.00	3/4	64QAM	-99	-95	-88	-20
833.33	694.45	5/6	64QAM	-98	-93	-86	-21
833.33	833.33	Off	64QAM	-95	-90	-83	-23
1111.11	740.74	2/3	256QAM	-96	-92	-86	-22
1111.11	833.33	3/4	256QAM	-95	-91	-83	-23
1111.11	925.93	5/6	256QAM	-93	-89	-82	-25
1111.11	1111.11	Off	256QAM	-90	-86	-80	-31

Tab. 9.15: Channel spacing 250 kHz

Channel spacing [kHz]	250
Occupied BW limit [kHz]	250
Modulation type	QAM
Baudrate [kBaud]	208.33

250 kHz
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Modulation	Emission code	OBW [kHz]	OBW limit [kHz]
Baudrate 208.33 kBaud
208.33	DPSK	225KG1DBN	225.0	250
416.67	π/4-DQPSK	225KG1DDN	225.0	250
625.00	D8PSK	225KG1DEN	225.0	250
833.33	16DEQAM	225KG1DEN	225.0	250
1250.00	64QAM	225KG1DEN	225.0	250
1388.89	256QAM	225KG1DEN	225.0	250

250 kHz
Classification				Sensitivity [dBm]			Co-Channel Rejection Ratio
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Bitrate [kb/s]	FEC	Modulation	BER 10^-2	BER 10^-3	BER 10^-6	[dB]
Baudrate 208.33 kBaud
208.33	156.25	3/4	DPSK	-107	-106	-102	-7
208.33	208.33	Off	DPSK	-107	-105	-100	-7
416.67	312.50	3/4	π/4-DQPSK	-106	-105	-101	-10
416.67	416.67	Off	π/4-DQPSK	-105	-103	-98	-11
625.00	468.75	3/4	D8PSK	-103	-101	-96	-13
625.00	625.00	Off	D8PSK	-100	-97	-91	-15
833.33	625.00	3/4	16DEQAM	-100	-97	-93	-17
833.33	833.33	Off	16DEQAM	-98	-95	-88	-19
1250.00	833.33	2/3	64QAM	-100	-96	-89	-17
1250.00	937.50	3/4	64QAM	-98	-94	-88	-20
1250.00	1041.67	5/6	64QAM	-97	-92	-86	-21
1250.00	1250.00	Off	64QAM	-96	-91	-84	-23
1388.89	1111.11	2/3	256QAM	-94	-91	-85	-22
1388.89	1250.00	3/4	256QAM	-93	-90	-83	-23
1388.89	1388.89	5/6	256QAM	-91	-88	-81	-25

Tab. 9.16: Channel spacing 300 kHz

Channel spacing [kHz]	300
Occupied BW limit [kHz]	300
Modulation type	QAM
Baudrate [kBaud]	260.42

300 kHz
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Modulation	Emission code	OBW [kHz]	OBW limit [kHz]
Baudrate 260.42 kBaud
260.42	DPSK	280KG1DBN	280.0	300
520.83	π/4-DQPSK	280KG1DDN	280.0	300
781.25	D8PSK	280KG1DEN	280.0	300
1041.67	16DEQAM	280KG1DEN	280.0	300
1562.50	64QAM	280KG1DEN	280.0	300
1736.11	256QAM	280KG1DEN	280.0	300

300 kHz
Classification				Sensitivity [dBm]			Co-Channel Rejection Ratio
Modulation rate [kb/s]	Bitrate [kb/s]	FEC	Modulation	BER 10^-2	BER 10^-3	BER 10^-6	[dB]
Baudrate 260.42 kBaud
260.42	195.31	3/4	DPSK	-106	-104	-100	-7
260.42	260.42	Off	DPSK	-105	-103	-98	-7
520.83	390.63	3/4	π/4-DQPSK	-105	-103	-99	-10
520.83	520.83	Off	π/4-DQPSK	-104	-102	-96	-11
781.25	585.94	3/4	D8PSK	-101	-99	-94	-13
781.25	781.25	Off	D8PSK	-99	-95	-89	-15
1041.67	781.25	3/4	16DEQAM	-98	-95	-91	-17
1041.67	1041.67	Off	16DEQAM	-96	-93	-86	-19
1562.50	1041.67	2/3	64QAM	-98	-94	-87	-17
1562.50	1171.88	3/4	64QAM	-96	-92	-86	-20
1562.50	1302.09	5/6	64QAM	-95	-90	-84	-21
1562.50	1562.50	Off	64QAM	-92	-87	-81	-23
1736.11	1388.89	2/3	256QAM	-93	-89	-83	-22
1736.11	1562.50	3/4	256QAM	-91	-88	-81	-23
1736.11	1736.11	5/6	256QAM	-90	-86	-79	-25

9.2. Recommended MSE thresholds

Tab. 9.17: MSE

Recommended MSE thresholds
Modulation	FEC	Mean MSE [dB]
2CPFSK	3/4	-10
2CPFSK	Off	-11
4CPFSK	3/4	-12
4CPFSK	Off	-15
DPSK	3/4	-10
DPSK	Off	-11
π/4-DQPSK	3/4	-12
π/4-DQPSK	Off	-14
8DPSK	3/4	-17
8DPSK	Off	-20
16DEQAM	3/4	-19
16DEQAM	Off	-22
64QAM	3/4	-24
64QAM	Off	-27
256QAM	3/4	-30
256QAM	Off	-33

Fig. 9.1: MSE recommended tresholds

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